✦ Est. Jaipur, India — 1981 / ISO 9001 · ISO 14001 · ISO 45001
Engineering Blog

Field notes &
technical insight

Design rationale, testing methodology, thermal modelling and field experience — written by our engineers at the Jaipur works.

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Showing 12 articles
Core Design
Mar 28, 20266 min read

CRGO vs amorphous metal cores: where the efficiency gains actually show up

Amorphous metal cores cut no-load loss by up to 70% but bring trade-offs in flux density, saturation and cost.

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Core Design
Feb 14, 20265 min read

Flux density selection in three-limb cores: trading iron for copper

Pushing flux density higher shrinks the core — but punishes losses and acoustic noise.

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Insulation & Oil
Mar 15, 20266 min read

Mineral oil vs natural ester: dielectric, thermal and environmental trade-offs

Natural ester fluids offer higher fire-point and biodegradability, but alter thermal and breakdown behaviour.

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Insulation & Oil
Feb 02, 20267 min read

The physics of partial discharge in cast-resin dry-type windings

Micro-voids in cast-resin insulation are where dielectric failure begins. Vacuum casting matters.

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Testing
Dec 18, 20256 min read

Reading impulse withstand results: what the 1.2/50 µs wave really tells you

The standard lightning impulse wave is a proxy for real surges. Reading oscillograms properly separates genuine pass from borderline failures.

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Thermal
Jan 22, 20264 min read

ONAN to ONAF: when forced cooling earns its place

Forced-air cooling extends a transformer's rating by roughly 25%, but only when the installation actually needs it.

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Thermal
Nov 05, 20256 min read

Hotspot temperature estimation in oil-immersed transformers

Winding hotspot, not bulk oil temperature, determines insulation life. IEC 60076-7 gives a tractable model.

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Reliability
Oct 18, 20257 min read

Thermal aging of cellulose insulation: the Arrhenius perspective

Every 7 °C rise in hotspot temperature halves insulation life. The kinetics should drive loading decisions.

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Solar IDT
Jan 10, 20265 min read

Dual-secondary transformers for utility-scale PV plants

Two independent LV windings on one core cut interconnection count, but phase displacement must be managed.

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Solar IDT
Dec 02, 20255 min read

Why solar IDT units need reinforced winding bracing

Frequent inverter tripping creates daily short-circuit-like transients. Standard bracing is not enough.

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Testing
Mar 05, 20267 min read

Routine vs type tests under IEC 60076: what your factory acceptance should cover

Every unit gets routine tests. Type tests happen once per design. Knowing which is which shapes what you should ask.

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Testing
Nov 22, 20255 min read

BEE star ratings for distribution transformers: what Level 2 actually means

India's BEE rates distribution transformers on load losses. Higher star doesn't automatically mean better life-cycle cost.

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